renewable energy
MINI AND MICRO HYDROELECTRICITY
What is hydroelectric energy?
A source of renewable energy exploiting water from rivers, torrents, waterfalls and dams (cascade effect) to produce electricity, through the transformation of potential gravitational energy into kinetic energy which, in turn, is transformed into electric energy by means of an alternator or a turbine.
In Italy almost 15% of gross energy production derives from this source.
As a result of the reduction of the water content of dams and reservoirs, the large-scale plants are making way for small-scale operations. For many years hydroelectric production was concentrated almost exclusively on large-scale production which, at the time, was considered more profitable. Now, however, since the Bersani Decree in 2007 with the granting of government incentives for micro and mini power plants there has been a boom in small scale energy producers.
Our offer
Based on our expertise in the field of designing and managing construction work, we offer a consultancy service:
Our proud boast is to support and promote projects geared to a rational utilisation of water resources, not just in the general interest but, even more importantly, in the interests of environmental protection.
Efficient Materials
The different types of plant depend on the characteristics of the water source and the way this is captured and fed into the turbine.
Thus, depending on the power installed, the plants with a power of less than 100kW are categorised as micro hydroelectricity, while those plants producing between 100 and 1000kW are categorised as mini hydroelectricity.
Construction of the aforementioned plants is obviously quite different from larger power stations as there is no need for massive civil engineering works, hence the environmental impact is limited; moreover, the bureaucratic procedures involved in obtaining authorisation are both simpler and quicker. Indeed, micro plants are not even required to enrol in the register for annual quotas for subsidised energy. Furthermore, they guarantee rapid returns on investment.
The hydraulic turbines available on the market today, available in a vast range of sizes and models, allow the user to produce electric energy with small amounts of water (even with 0.5 litres per second) and falls of just a few metres.
The fall and the amount of water are the basic criteria for plant size, i.e. for the choice of the turbine power, which in turn depends on what the electricity produced is to be used for (home consumption or for sale to the grid).
Applications
The applications of micro hydroelectricity are basically twofold: on the one hand there are plants connected to the grid, which are eligible for renewable energy incentives, and on the other there are plants, often of just a few kW, for situations off the grid.
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